Compulsory military service (SMO), service or conscription is the development of military activity by an individual of compulsory in some countries and voluntary in others. In some cases, the activity is not paid.
This service received the popular name of "mili" and was always exclusive to adult males. The only ones to realize it could save were the widows and children of individuals with physical disabilities for the successful completion of the service. During the last years of Franco they were produced the first cases of conscientious objection militarist character. In January 1977, the MOC (Conscientious Objection Movement) proposed non-violent civil disobedience as a strategy of resistance to conscription is created. Hundreds of his followers were imprisoned by successive governments for refusing to perform military service. In 1984 first regulated conscientious objection of limitation, which was the rejection of the thousands of objectors who had hitherto presented alleged conscientious objection to military service, prompting the filing of a constitutional motion which it took three years to resolve. In 1988, the MOC announced insubordination both military service as alternative service, thereby initiating a civil disobedience who knew prison, social solidarity and highly relevant political, judicial disagreement over the application of penalties and measures Institutional reduction or replacement thereof as the automatic application of the third degree and unencrypted in prisons, as also was disobeyed by the refuseniks in what is known as "the plant to the third degree." The difficulties in implementing the penalties and to achieve effective enforcement of alternative service encouraged the growth of disobedience and conscientious objection to overwhelm the capacity of the institutional system to safeguard the prevalence and immediately the existence of military service binding. In those years, the period of compulsory military service was reduced by half in two stages, from 12 to 9 months and then six months in an attempt to alleviate the drain on conscientious objection. In 1994 the government of Felipe González stated that "the rebellious lead us to a dead end" (El País, 20/05/1994) and, indeed, in 1996 conscription was finally suspended by the government of José María Aznar . However, the obligation is not fully end until 2001, a period of time in which the government replaced the imprisonment for rebellious by disqualification or civil death and in which the movement of insubordination opted for "insubordination in barracks ", consisting of joining the military service and then drop out publicly and thus further promote the abolicionanista discourse of the armed forces.
From the historical point of view, when there was conscription, military recruitment was the set of operations leading to the organization and distribution of the annual quota. The annual quota was set for the year which are incorporated into the state of activity. He understood to those incorporated between each declared useful replacement, which have incorporated the previous replacements and normal volunteers. The situation Rows activity or service is provided in units, centers or organizations of Armies.
In Spain, military service is regulated by the Organic Law 5/2005 of 17 November on National Defence.
During the Franco era, my father began training period of military service, which lasted about three months, in Alcala de Henares. After the instruction, it became the College of the Army in the Paseo de la Castellana No. 71, where he was doing kitchen work driver and colonels. It was a school where the colonels did the course for promotion to general, like brigadier general to major generals. The existing troops in the School was a company that was hierarchical from the boss who was the commander, captains, lieutenants and sergeants. Mainly soldiers, including my father, were the necessary support available to those colonels and generals work.
They had to move to Valencia as assistant colonels who conducted tactical maneuvers to ascend to the position of general. He received 15 months' military service. " Before entering the "mili" I did "the talleo" in municipalities, and if less than 1.50 cm Sox librabas you go.
My grandfather also attended three years of "mili". He was a cavalry barracks in Madrid, from 18 to 21 years.
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| Cartilla del Servicio Militar de mi padre. |
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| Mi abuelo como soldado de caballería. |
From my point of view, apart from not agree with the imposition of this military service because it seems absurd, anyway, I think it would be more correct that it was not mandatory, that each had a choice whether to go or not, and does not exclude women because they have the same right as men and I think sexist and disrespectful that training as a soldier only suitable for men is associated.
Abstract en castellano
El servicio militar obligatorio (SMO), servicio o conscripción es el desarrollo de la actividad militar por un individuo de manera obligatoria en algunos países y voluntaria en otros. En algunos casos, la actividad tampoco es remunerada.
Este servicio recibió la denominación popular de "mili" y fue siempre exclusivo de los varones mayores de edad. Los únicos que se podían salvar de realizarla eran los hijos de viudas y los individuos con discapacidades físicas para la correcta realización del servicio. Durante los últimos años del franquismo se produjeron los primeros casos de objeción de conciencia de carácter antimilitarista. En enero de 1977 se crea el MOC (Movimiento de Objeción de Conciencia) que propone la desobediencia civil no violenta como estrategia de resistencia al reclutamiento obligatorio. Cientos de sus seguidores fueron encarcelados por sucesivos gobiernos por negarse a prestar el servicio militar.
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